{"id":3100,"date":"2022-12-21T07:13:12","date_gmt":"2022-12-21T05:13:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/davidka.net\/en\/?p=3100"},"modified":"2025-10-04T04:44:42","modified_gmt":"2025-10-04T02:44:42","slug":"sh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ru.davidka.net\/ru\/sh\/","title":{"rendered":"sh"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div id=\"rtoc-mokuji-wrapper\" class=\"rtoc-mokuji-content frame2 preset1 animation-fade rtoc_open default\" data-id=\"3100\" data-theme=\"Neve - Davidka\">\n\t\t\t<div id=\"rtoc-mokuji-title\" class=\"rtoc_btn_none rtoc_left\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<span>In Questo Articolo<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div><ul class=\"rtoc-mokuji mokuji_ul level-2\"><li class=\"rtoc-item\"><a href=\"#rtoc-1\">1. \u0423\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0430\u043c\u0438<\/a><ul class=\"rtoc-mokuji mokuji_ul level-2\"><li class=\"rtoc-item\"><a href=\"#rtoc-2\">2. \u0414\u0438\u0441\u043a \u0438 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430<\/a><\/li><li class=\"rtoc-item\"><a href=\"#rtoc-3\">3. \u0421\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430<\/a><\/li><li class=\"rtoc-item\"><a href=\"#rtoc-4\">4. \u0421\u0435\u0442\u044c<\/a><\/li><li class=\"rtoc-item\"><a href=\"#rtoc-5\">5. \u041f\u043e\u0438\u0441\u043a \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432<\/a><\/li><li class=\"rtoc-item\"><a href=\"#rtoc-6\">6. \u0410\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u0441\u0436\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0435<\/a><\/li><li class=\"rtoc-item\"><a href=\"#rtoc-7\">7. \u0423\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 (Debian\/Ubuntu)<\/a><\/li><li class=\"rtoc-item\"><a href=\"#rtoc-8\">8. \u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b Bash<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ol><\/div><h3 id=\"rtoc-1\"  class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \u0423\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0430\u043c\u0438<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">ls<\/code><\/strong> \u2013 \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432 <code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">ls ls -l # \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0439 ls -a # \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u044f \u0441\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u044b<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">cd<\/code><\/strong> \u2013 \u0441\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 <code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">cd \/\u043f\u0443\u0442\u044c\/\u043a\/\u043f\u0430\u043f\u043a\u0435 cd .. # \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435 cd ~ # \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u0432 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0448\u043d\u044e\u044e \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044e<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">cp<\/code><\/strong> \u2013 \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432 <code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">cp file1.txt file2.txt cp -r dir1\/ dir2\/ # \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u043f\u043a\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">mv<\/code><\/strong> \u2013 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 <code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">mv file1.txt \/tmp\/ mv old.txt new.txt<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">rm<\/code><\/strong> \u2013 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\/\u043f\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043a <code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">rm file.txt rm -r dir\/ # \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u043f\u043a\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e rm -f file.txt # \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">mkdir<\/code><\/strong> \u2013 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u043f\u043a\u0438 <code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">mkdir new_folder mkdir -p path\/to\/folder # \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">rmdir<\/code><\/strong> \u2013 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u043f\u043a\u0438 <code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">rmdir empty_folder<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">touch<\/code><\/strong> \u2013 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 <code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">touch file.txt<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">cat<\/code><\/strong> \u2013 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430 <code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">cat file.txt<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">tree<\/code><\/strong> \u2013 \u043e\u0442\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432 <code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">tree tree -a # \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u044f \u0441\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u044b<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"rtoc-2\"  class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \u0414\u0438\u0441\u043a \u0438 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">df<\/code><\/strong> \u2013 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430 <code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">df -h # \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">du<\/code><\/strong> \u2013 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u043f\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043a\/\u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432 <code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">du -sh folder\/ du -sh * # \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">mount<\/code> \/ <code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">umount<\/code><\/strong> \u2013 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\/\u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430 <code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">mount \/dev\/sdb1 \/mnt\/usb umount \/mnt\/usb<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">chmod<\/code><\/strong> \u2013 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432 <code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">chmod 755 script.sh chmod +x script.sh # \u0441\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u043c\u044b\u043c<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">chown<\/code><\/strong> \u2013 \u0441\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0446\u0430 <code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">chown user:group file.txt<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">ln<\/code><\/strong> \u2013 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043e\u043a <code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">ln -s target link # \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0430 ln file1 file2 # \u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0430<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"rtoc-3\"  class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. \u0421\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">uname<\/code><\/strong> \u2013 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043e \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0435 <code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">uname -a<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">whoami<\/code><\/strong> \u2013 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0443\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c <code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">whoami<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">uptime<\/code><\/strong> \u2013 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b <code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">uptime<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">top<\/code> \/ <code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">htop<\/code><\/strong> \u2013 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u044b <code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">top htop<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">ps<\/code><\/strong> \u2013 \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0432 <code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">ps aux ps -ef | grep python<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">kill<\/code> \/ <code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">killall<\/code><\/strong> \u2013 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0432 <code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">kill 1234 killall firefox<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">date<\/code> \/ <code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">timedatectl<\/code><\/strong> \u2013 \u043e\u0442\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u0442\u044b\/\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 <code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">date sudo timedatectl set-time &quot;2025-09-21 12:00:00&quot;<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">shutdown<\/code> \/ <code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">reboot<\/code><\/strong> \u2013 \u0432\u044b\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\/\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0430 <code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">sudo shutdown -h now sudo reboot<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"rtoc-4\"  class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. \u0421\u0435\u0442\u044c<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">ping<\/code><\/strong> \u2013 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f <code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">ping google.com ping -c 4 google.com # \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c 4 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">ifconfig<\/code> \/ <code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">ip addr<\/code><\/strong> \u2013 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u044b <code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">ifconfig ip addr<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">netstat<\/code> \/ <code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">ss<\/code><\/strong> \u2013 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f <code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">netstat -tuln ss -tuln<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">traceroute<\/code><\/strong> \u2013 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432 <code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">traceroute google.com<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">nslookup<\/code> \/ <code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">dig<\/code><\/strong> \u2013 DNS \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441 <code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">nslookup google.com dig google.com<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"rtoc-5\"  class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. \u041f\u043e\u0438\u0441\u043a \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">find<\/code><\/strong> \u2013 \u043f\u043e\u0438\u0441\u043a \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\/\u043f\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043a <code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">find \/path -name &quot;*.txt&quot; find . -type d -name &quot;backup&quot;<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">grep<\/code><\/strong> \u2013 \u043f\u043e\u0438\u0441\u043a \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0432 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430\u0445 <code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">grep &quot;\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0442&quot; file.txt grep -r &quot;error&quot; \/var\/log grep -i &quot;warning&quot; file.txt<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">locate<\/code><\/strong> \u2013 \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0438\u0441\u043a \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0443 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 <code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">locate file.txt<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"rtoc-6\"  class=\"wp-block-heading\">6. \u0410\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u0441\u0436\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0435<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">tar<\/code><\/strong> \u2013 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 <code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">tar -cvf archive.tar folder\/ tar -xvf archive.tar tar -czvf archive.tar.gz folder\/ tar -xzvf archive.tar.gz<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">zip<\/code> \/ <code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">unzip<\/code><\/strong> \u2013 \u0441\u0436\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0435\/\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 <code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">zip archive.zip file1 file2 unzip archive.zip<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">gzip<\/code> \/ <code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">gunzip<\/code><\/strong> \u2013 \u0441\u0436\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430 <code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">gzip file.txt gunzip file.txt.gz<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"rtoc-7\"  class=\"wp-block-heading\">7. \u0423\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 (Debian\/Ubuntu)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">apt<\/code><\/strong> \u2013 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430, \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 <code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">sudo apt update sudo apt install package sudo apt remove package sudo apt upgrade<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">dpkg<\/code><\/strong> \u2013 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 <code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">dpkg -i package.deb dpkg -r package<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"rtoc-8\"  class=\"wp-block-heading\">8. \u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b Bash<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435<\/strong> <code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">name=&quot;\u0418\u0432\u0430\u043d&quot; echo &quot;\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0442 $name&quot;<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0423\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438<\/strong> <code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">if [ -f &quot;file.txt&quot; ]; then echo &quot;\u0424\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442&quot; else echo &quot;\u041d\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435\u043d&quot; fi<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0426\u0438\u043a\u043b\u044b<\/strong> <code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">for i in 1 2 3; do echo &quot;\u041d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440 $i&quot; done<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438<\/strong> <code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">my_function() { echo &quot;\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0442 $1&quot; } my_function \u041c\u0438\u0440<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0412\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u043e\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f<\/strong> <code class=\"\" data-line=\"\">read -p &quot;\u0412\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u044f: &quot; name echo &quot;\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0442 $name&quot;<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In Questo Articolo 1. \u0423\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0430\u043c\u0438 2. \u0414\u0438\u0441\u043a \u0438 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430 3. \u0421\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430 4. \u0421\u0435\u0442\u044c 5. \u041f\u043e\u0438\u0441\u043a \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432 6. \u0410\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u0441\u0436\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0435 7. \u0423\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 (Debian\/Ubuntu) 8. \u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b Bash 1. \u0423\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0430\u043c\u0438 2. \u0414\u0438\u0441\u043a \u0438 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430 3. \u0421\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430 4. \u0421\u0435\u0442\u044c 5. \u041f\u043e\u0438\u0441\u043a \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432 6. \u0410\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u0441\u0436\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0435 7. \u0423\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438&hellip;&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[376],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3100","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-quick-reference-guides"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ru.davidka.net\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3100","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ru.davidka.net\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ru.davidka.net\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ru.davidka.net\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ru.davidka.net\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3100"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ru.davidka.net\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3100\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ru.davidka.net\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3100"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ru.davidka.net\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3100"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ru.davidka.net\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3100"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}